Enhanced antibiofilm photodynamic therapy: Leveraging the slow photon effect for maximized efficacy with minimal photosensitizer and light doses

Biofilm infections pose a health risk due to their increased resistance to antibiotics. Photodynamic therapy, a promising strategy against biofilms, can be enhanced by photosensitizers like chlorine e6. A photodynamic platform was created by conjugating Ce6 into inverse opal photonic crystal, which improved light-harvesting capacity and increased reactive oxygen species production. This approach significantly enhances photodynamic antibiofilm efficacy and expedites wound healing in mice infected with biofilm.